Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease, common and dangerous. Simply put, it is a disease of high blood pressure. If treatment is not started in time, this will lead to serious consequences, such as stroke, heart attack, loss of ability to work, disability and ultimately death is not excluded. That is why it is important to know which symptoms accompany the disease, to be able to recognize them in time and to stop the disease in the early stages.
The invisible enemy or what is hypertension?
Hypertension is an increase in blood pressure. The disease has another synonymous name - arterial hypertension. Here you should understand that only a qualified specialist makes the diagnosis and, as a result, prescribes the course of treatment.
The onset of the disease can be detected by at least three control indicators of blood pressure measurement. If you notice that your blood pressure "jumps" during the day, this is not a reason to panic. Changes in the body can occur as a result of a change in occupation, for example, vigorous activity and sleep or sports and office work. In this case, the indicators of normal well-being will be the numbers on the screen of the device for measuring pressure from 100 to 60 to 140 to 90.
If your blood pressure stays at 140 all the time or quite often, that's a sign to see a doctor.
Why does hypertension occur?
Pressure increases in response to processes occurring inside and outside the body. These are stress, an uncomfortable environment, an increased level of danger. In these cases, a protective reaction is activated in the body. The blood begins to release adrenaline, and as a result, the heart rate increases. Which leads to vasoconstriction and muscle contraction. In combination, the body's reaction affects the increase in blood pressure. Since a person is not immune from overexertion, he often experiences such stress on the functioning of his organs. This leads to an immediate threat that is harmful to health.
Regular lack of sleep, stress, mental and nervous diseases can lead to hypertension. In addition, doctors list the causes of the disease as:
- problems with excess weight;
- problems with the thyroid gland;
- lack of organic substances in the body, including magnesium;
- heredity.
Who is first in line?
Hypertension mainly affects those who have relatives with this disease in their family.
In addition, symptoms may be seen in sedentary people and in people who are overweight.
If you suffer from osteochondrosis or atherosclerosis, hypertension may be a consequence. There is a physiological explanation for this. The vessels are compressed during these diseases and the pressure increases accordingly.
An important factor in the development of hypertension is the influence of hormones. That is why it often occurs in women during menopause.
Signs of hypertension appear in people who experience constant stress at work and in life. Heavy smokers and people with diabetes are at risk.
Symptoms occur more often in people over 50 years of age. In addition, according to statistics, men are more prone to this disease.
However, it is important to understand that, in general, hypertension does not spare anyone and the limits are arbitrary. The younger generation often suffers from high blood pressure.
Why is hypertension dangerous?
The consequences of hypertension are dangerous for the whole body. Leads to:
- loss of vision;
- Kidney Disease?
- metabolic syndrome?
- heart attack?
- Stroke;
- erectile dysfunction.
This is a reason, first of all, to learn about the symptoms of hypertension and to be able to recognize the disease in time.
Insidious symptoms of hypertension
Unfortunately, the disease often begins to appear secretly. Symptoms are usually not noticeable in the early stages. To be more precise, they exist, but people most often do not pay attention to them, attributing diseases to fatigue and routine. Signs of hypertension include frequent headaches. They are not related to changes in weather or time of day. They appear unexpectedly at night or immediately after waking up and appear in the middle of the day. They look like a "hoop" that presses against your temples. Patients often describe the pain as feeling "like bricks being placed in the back of the head. "It gets worse when you bend over or make sudden movements.
In addition, symptoms will include:
- motion sickness;
- blurred vision: fog and mist before the eyes;
- clouding of consciousness;
- lethargy and apathy;
- noise in the ears.
If you notice any of these symptoms, you should start measuring your blood pressure. Its consistently high scale is a reason to sound the alarm and contact specialists.
These are only the initial signs of the first stage of hypertension.
It is also characterized by:
- increased sweating;
- redness and swelling of the face.
- swelling in the morning;
- swelling of hands;
- memory impairment or partial loss.
Stages of hypertension: when to sound the alarm?
The disease has many limits. The first stage is a pressure fluctuation within the range up to 160 - the upper limit and 100 - the lower limit. If the disease is recognized in time and appropriate treatment is prescribed, then you can not only stop the hypertensive crisis, but also get rid of this disease forever.
The second stage is characterized by an upper limit of pressure around 180, and a lower limit of 110. Its symptoms include head and heart pain and dizziness. The organs of vision are also affected. In this case, complex treatment, changes in lifestyle and daily routine are required.
The third stage of hypertension is indicated by irreversible processes running in the body. Due to the heavy load on the boats, the pressure rises to 180 to 110. The worst in this case is the consequences. Without immediate treatment for hypertension, there is a high risk to life.
At all stages of development, the patient can be overcome by a hypertensive crisis. It leads to an exacerbation of all the symptoms of the disease. In this case, the lower pressure becomes high. Signs include nausea and vomiting.
Treatment of hypertension: in a hospital or at home?
The course of treatment of the disease is determined only by the doctor. What to remember first:
- The pressure should always be reduced gradually. A sudden fall can put you at risk of a heart attack.
- How to normalize the situation is explained only by a qualified specialist in each individual case. There is no point in treating yourself.
- If you feel improvement, you should not stop taking the medication. It is necessary to complete the course prescribed by the doctor.
- You should not adjust the treatment yourself: increase or decrease the dose of the drug.
- You should not wait for a fleeting cure. Hypertension is a disease that does not develop overnight and does not go away overnight.